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Vermont has been on an ambitious journey to implement student-centered, proficiency-based learning for over twenty years. That journey continues to evolve today, and this blog shares some of the key points along the way.
A publication by the Vermont Department of Education in 2003, “High Schools on the Move,” addressed “the critical issues facing Vermont high schools” and identified principles that remain at the heart of Vermont’s work today. These include:
(A Report to the Vermont Legislature on Career and Technical Education)
The task force recommended a focus on personalized learning environments that would enable students to take risks in a supportive setting and prepare them for life after graduation. The What and Why of Act 77 outlines additional milestones along Vermont’s path towards the Flexible Pathways Initiative, created by Act 77 of 2013 and found in statute under 16 V.S.A. § 941. This Act was “established to encourage and support the creativity of school districts as they develop and expand high-quality educational experiences that are an integral part of secondary education in the evolving 21st Century classroom; to promote opportunities for Vermont students to achieve postsecondary readiness through high-quality educational experiences that acknowledge individual goals, learning styles, and abilities; and to increase the rates of secondary school completion and postsecondary continuation in Vermont.”
The Flexible Pathways Initiative paved the way for the inclusion of proficiency-based learning in Vermont’s State Board of Education Rules, Series 2000, The Education Quality Standards, that went into effect in April 2014. These rules state:
In an effort to develop a shared vision for both proficiency-based learning and college and career readiness, in 2017 the VT Agency of Education began collaborating with the field to develop a statewide Portrait of a Graduate (PoG). Approximately sixty educators from across the state gathered to react to the initial draft. That version was influenced by a blog post, The Graduate Profile: A Focus on Outcomes, from Edutopia by Ken Kay that stated:
Over the next two years, more than three hundred students, parents, educators, and community members contributed to the final version of the Vermont PoG. The PoG provided guidance in the development of proficiency-based graduation requirements and articulates the vision for learners who are prepared for success in college, career, and life. Personalized Learning Plans, a requirement in Act 77 for students in grades seven through twelve, serve as a vehicle for documenting a learner’s progress towards the attributes of the PoG.
Fast forward to 2020. . . Vermont educators had been working hard to implement the expectations within the Education Quality Standards for local graduation requirements, however, a survey that year revealed a wide variation in requirements across the state. Depending upon the supervisory union or district a student attended, there was a range from six to one hundred thirty-five Proficiency-Based Graduation Requirements. This indicated that expectations for graduation, which are determined locally and approved by school boards, were being interpreted in a variety of ways. Educators moved forward with the development of PBGRs with good intentions, however, a collective understanding for these expectations had not been developed. Unintentionally, this range in PBGRS created inequitable expectations for learners across the state.
Concern about this lack of coherence and the impact on students, especially those who move frequently or attend Career Technical Education Centers from several different sending schools, gave “birth” to the Proficiency-Based Graduation Hierarchies. Content Specialists started by determining what it means to be literate in their content area and distilled the essential information into an overarching Proficiency-Based Graduation Requirement. Critical Proficiencies represent the enduring knowledge and skills within a content area and promote high expectations for all students. Priority Performance Indicators represent the skills and knowledge that will be taught and assessed. Finally, Proficiency Scales indicate the progression of learning over time. Once this information was drafted, the Hierarchies went through an internal review process using quality criteria documents as lenses for providing feedback. After an additional two rounds of feedback from the field, the Hierarchies were revised, finalized, and posted on the VT AOE website.
Since Vermont is a local control state, supervisory unions and districts are not required to adopt the PBGR Hierarchies. However, in the spirit of continuous improvement, educators are encouraged to adopt the PBGR Hierarchies, adapt them to fit their context, or use each Hierarchy to refine locally defined PBGRs.
As part of VT AOE’s continuous improvement process, members of the Student Pathways Division are working with educators in SU/SDs to support the processes of adapting, adopting, or refining local PBGRs through Participatory Action Research (PAR).
Numerous resources have been developed over time to support Vermont’s efforts to implement proficiency-based learning. The Vermont Framework for Proficiency: Resources to Support Implementation is composed of stackable documents that enable educators to access the information that is most relevant to the needs of their particular school system. It is organized from a backward-designed perspective so that the initial documents lay the foundation for subsequent work and inform decisions regarding next steps. The resources also demonstrate how different parts of the Framework for Proficiency connect and build upon one another. The hope is that by sharing these resources and Vermont’s journey, others can benefit and join us on the road to proficiency.
Guest Blog written by Pat Fitzsimmons
Insights, partner highlights, guest perspectives, and resources to support your work
Roanoke County Public Schools has been partnering with Envision Learning Partners for the past four years to develop and implement a comprehensive performance assessment system aligned with their Opportunity Ready Graduate Profile. This collaboration has fundamentally transformed how students demonstrate essential skills needed for future success in an increasingly complex world.
The journey began a decade ago when Roanoke County developed their C-Change Framework, which meticulously detailed the conditions needed for deeper learning to thrive within school communities. This framework addressed multiple dimensions, including school and classroom climate, professional growth, support services, and learning culture. It also emphasized finding balance between preparing students for standardized testing and developing the critical skills needed to navigate a rapidly changing world.
Working with diverse stakeholders, they articulated the Opportunity Ready Graduate Profile, which defines the skills and attributes necessary for students to successfully navigate evolving life and career pathways and seize opportunities that come their way. Despite this solid foundation, the district initially struggled to quantify these skills in ways that were both meaningful and conducive to growth.
This challenge led Roanoke County to form a strategic partnership with Envision Learning Partners. Over the past four years, they’ve evolved from conceptualizing what their assessment system could be to implementing a robust program across all 26 schools in the district. This systematic approach to performance assessment now forms a cornerstone of their educational philosophy.
At the heart of this work is the Opportunity Ready Portfolio Presentation, where students demonstrate mastery of three critical skills: Communication, Collaboration, and Critical Thinking. Using a structured process guided by clear rubrics and expectations, students select artifacts from their in-school and out-of-school learning experiences as evidence of their skill development.
Each student presentation is guided by the driving question: “How have I demonstrated and grown in my Opportunity Ready Skills as a Communicator, Collaborator, and Critical Thinker this school year, and how will I apply these Opportunity Ready skills to what’s next for me, including my future career?”
Trained panel members, including at least one member from the school’s design team, evaluate these presentations using standardized rubrics that assess specific performance outcomes for each skill area. The panels follow a structured protocol for scoring student work, ensuring consistency and fairness while providing constructive feedback.
“We learned that you don’t know what your students are capable of until you ask and give them a chance to respond,” shares one district leader. “We have been blown away by what our students are able to demonstrate through our performance assessment system.”
The impact of this work extends throughout the educational community:
For students, the process has revealed the power of reflection. Many students express surprise at how much they’ve grown until they take time to reflect on their learning journey. This metacognitive awareness strengthens their sense of personal growth and achievement.
Teachers, while initially cautious about the workload involved in preparing for conferences and defenses, become enthusiastic advocates after witnessing students’ presentations. As one administrator noted, “To a person, they are invigorated and excited to begin planning for the next year once they see it in action.”
For administrators and district leaders, the presentations have rekindled passion for educational transformation. “The impact the presentations have on the panel, parents, and staff has reignited our drive for this work,” reports a district representative.
The most compelling evidence comes from individual student experiences. One particularly moving example involved a student who had struggled significantly during middle school. During their senior defense, the student articulated their growth journey with such clarity and reflection that “there was not a dry eye in the room.” This transformative moment exemplifies how the process helps students recognize and celebrate their own development while preparing them for future challenges.
Through this ongoing partnership with Envision Learning Partners, Roanoke County Public Schools continues to refine and expand their performance assessment system. The district’s commitment to developing the whole student—not just academic knowledge but essential life skills—positions their graduates to thrive in whatever paths they choose after high school, whether in higher education, careers, or military service.
By creating authentic opportunities for students to demonstrate mastery of critical skills, reflect on their growth, and connect their learning to future aspirations, Roanoke County Public Schools is preparing students not just for tests, but for life beyond graduation in a rapidly changing world.
Roanoke County Public Schools has been partnering with Envision Learning Partners for the past four years to develop and implement a comprehensive performance assessment system aligned with their Opportunity Ready Graduate Profile. This collaboration has fundamentally transformed how students demonstrate essential skills needed for future success in an increasingly complex world.
In this special Guest Blog Video Interview, hear from Alcine Mumby and Laureen Adams, interviewed by Niloy Gangopadhyay and Courtney Katen.
This interview was sparked by Alcine’s recent travel to the Ghana ASCD Educators’ Summit 2024 earlier this year.
Learn about Alcine and Laureen’s history- all starting in Oakland at Envision Academy, what Laureen took away and still carries with her as leader of the Tutu Institute in Ghana, why she believes so deeply in performance assessment, and what’s up next for her work continuing to support educators and systems.
In this special Guest Blog Video Interview, hear from Alcine Mumby and Laureen Adams, interviewed by Niloy Gangopadhyay and Courtney Katen.
Bullitt County Public Schools is a public school district in Shepherdsville, KY that serves students from pre-K through 12th grade. The district is committed to providing a world-class education that prepares students for success beyond high school.
Envision Learning Partners has worked with Bullitt County Public Schools since 2018, partnering on their Graduate Profile development and performance assessment system. Bullitt County’s Superintendent, Dr. Jesse Bacon, and Assistant Superintendent, Dr. Adrienne Usher, are also both alumni of ELP’s Deeper Learning Leadership Forum.
In this Partner Profile, we hear from Assistant Superintendent, Adrienne Usher.
How are you advancing your Performance Assessment System? Is there one story you can share that illustrates how this work is benefitting your school, students or teachers?
Advancing the Performance Assessment System in Bullitt County Public Schools involves the creation of Graduate Profile Performance outcomes for students in Grades K-2, 3-5, and 9-12. A notable story comes from a graduate of the district who, after completing postsecondary education, entered the workforce. This individual reflected on a high school assessment experience involving a presentation to a city council to solve a community problem, which proved invaluable when preparing for an engineering position interview. College courses, according to this graduate, did not fully address aspects of the interview process, including content, dispositions, and competencies. This example highlights the effectiveness of the performance assessment system in preparing students not only for specific occupations but also for broader workforce preparation.
What have you learnt during this process?
The process of transforming assessment has revealed the need to rethink its purpose and identify who truly owns it—students. While teachers play a critical role in this process, it is students who take ownership of their learning. Empowering students to demonstrate their learning fosters motivation and a deeper understanding of its larger purpose.
What is the impact you are seeing on students and their work?
The implementation of performance assessments and student ownership of learning is having a significant positive impact on students and their work. Students are more motivated as they recognize the relevance of their learning beyond the classroom. This approach is also fostering necessary dispositions and competencies, aligned to our Graduate Profile, preparing students for future challenges in higher education, the workforce, and beyond. By developing the skills to articulate their knowledge and connect it to meaningful purposes, students are not only achieving academic success but also growing into lifelong learners equipped for a dynamic and evolving world.
What is the impact you are seeing on teachers and their practice?
The gradual shift embedding performance assessments is creating meaningful changes in teachers and their practice. Teachers are rethinking the purpose of assessment on a continuum of traditional, transitional, and transformational methods that emphasize student ownership of learning combining academics and our Graduate Profile competencies. Teachers are becoming facilitators of learning, guiding students to take responsibility for their growth and encouraging reflection and self-assessment. This approach is also enhancing teachers’ instructional practices, as they integrate more student-centered strategies and focus on developing dispositions and competencies alongside content knowledge. The process is reinvigorating teachers’ sense of purpose and enthusiasm for a new school experience.
What is the impact of this work ON YOU as a practitioner?
The impact of this work I have experienced, as a practitioner, is related to understanding a larger purpose for school and its connection to the community and society. School can be viewed as a place to gain knowledge and get a high school diploma and it ends there. However, connecting school and assessment that impacts students in more comprehensive ways is about life preparation. In reality, the school experience, which includes teaching, learning, and assessment, is a reflection of what the greater community (students, parents, community members, industry partners, etc.) values. If communities want graduates to be more prepared and successful in the workforce and as citizens, collaboration that provides opportunities for learning and assessment which connects academics to real world problem solving is a future-focused necessity.
Learn more about the great work being done in Bullitt County in this EdWeek article.
Bullitt County Public Schools is a public school district in Shepherdsville, KY that serves students from pre-K through 12th grade. The district is committed to providing a world-class education that prepares students for success beyond high school.
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Roanoke County Public Schools has been partnering with Envision Learning Partners for the past four years to develop and implement a comprehensive performance assessment system aligned with their Opportunity Ready Graduate Profile. This collaboration has fundamentally transformed how students demonstrate essential skills needed for future success in an increasingly complex world.
The journey began a decade ago when Roanoke County developed their C-Change Framework, which meticulously detailed the conditions needed for deeper learning to thrive within school communities. This framework addressed multiple dimensions, including school and classroom climate, professional growth, support services, and learning culture. It also emphasized finding balance between preparing students for standardized testing and developing the critical skills needed to navigate a rapidly changing world.
Working with diverse stakeholders, they articulated the Opportunity Ready Graduate Profile, which defines the skills and attributes necessary for students to successfully navigate evolving life and career pathways and seize opportunities that come their way. Despite this solid foundation, the district initially struggled to quantify these skills in ways that were both meaningful and conducive to growth.
This challenge led Roanoke County to form a strategic partnership with Envision Learning Partners. Over the past four years, they’ve evolved from conceptualizing what their assessment system could be to implementing a robust program across all 26 schools in the district. This systematic approach to performance assessment now forms a cornerstone of their educational philosophy.
At the heart of this work is the Opportunity Ready Portfolio Presentation, where students demonstrate mastery of three critical skills: Communication, Collaboration, and Critical Thinking. Using a structured process guided by clear rubrics and expectations, students select artifacts from their in-school and out-of-school learning experiences as evidence of their skill development.
Each student presentation is guided by the driving question: “How have I demonstrated and grown in my Opportunity Ready Skills as a Communicator, Collaborator, and Critical Thinker this school year, and how will I apply these Opportunity Ready skills to what’s next for me, including my future career?”
Trained panel members, including at least one member from the school’s design team, evaluate these presentations using standardized rubrics that assess specific performance outcomes for each skill area. The panels follow a structured protocol for scoring student work, ensuring consistency and fairness while providing constructive feedback.
“We learned that you don’t know what your students are capable of until you ask and give them a chance to respond,” shares one district leader. “We have been blown away by what our students are able to demonstrate through our performance assessment system.”
The impact of this work extends throughout the educational community:
For students, the process has revealed the power of reflection. Many students express surprise at how much they’ve grown until they take time to reflect on their learning journey. This metacognitive awareness strengthens their sense of personal growth and achievement.
Teachers, while initially cautious about the workload involved in preparing for conferences and defenses, become enthusiastic advocates after witnessing students’ presentations. As one administrator noted, “To a person, they are invigorated and excited to begin planning for the next year once they see it in action.”
For administrators and district leaders, the presentations have rekindled passion for educational transformation. “The impact the presentations have on the panel, parents, and staff has reignited our drive for this work,” reports a district representative.
The most compelling evidence comes from individual student experiences. One particularly moving example involved a student who had struggled significantly during middle school. During their senior defense, the student articulated their growth journey with such clarity and reflection that “there was not a dry eye in the room.” This transformative moment exemplifies how the process helps students recognize and celebrate their own development while preparing them for future challenges.
Through this ongoing partnership with Envision Learning Partners, Roanoke County Public Schools continues to refine and expand their performance assessment system. The district’s commitment to developing the whole student—not just academic knowledge but essential life skills—positions their graduates to thrive in whatever paths they choose after high school, whether in higher education, careers, or military service.
By creating authentic opportunities for students to demonstrate mastery of critical skills, reflect on their growth, and connect their learning to future aspirations, Roanoke County Public Schools is preparing students not just for tests, but for life beyond graduation in a rapidly changing world.
In this special Guest Blog Video Interview, hear from Alcine Mumby and Laureen Adams, interviewed by Niloy Gangopadhyay and Courtney Katen.
This interview was sparked by Alcine’s recent travel to the Ghana ASCD Educators’ Summit 2024 earlier this year.
Learn about Alcine and Laureen’s history- all starting in Oakland at Envision Academy, what Laureen took away and still carries with her as leader of the Tutu Institute in Ghana, why she believes so deeply in performance assessment, and what’s up next for her work continuing to support educators and systems.
Bullitt County Public Schools is a public school district in Shepherdsville, KY that serves students from pre-K through 12th grade. The district is committed to providing a world-class education that prepares students for success beyond high school.
Envision Learning Partners has worked with Bullitt County Public Schools since 2018, partnering on their Graduate Profile development and performance assessment system. Bullitt County’s Superintendent, Dr. Jesse Bacon, and Assistant Superintendent, Dr. Adrienne Usher, are also both alumni of ELP’s Deeper Learning Leadership Forum.
In this Partner Profile, we hear from Assistant Superintendent, Adrienne Usher.
How are you advancing your Performance Assessment System? Is there one story you can share that illustrates how this work is benefitting your school, students or teachers?
Advancing the Performance Assessment System in Bullitt County Public Schools involves the creation of Graduate Profile Performance outcomes for students in Grades K-2, 3-5, and 9-12. A notable story comes from a graduate of the district who, after completing postsecondary education, entered the workforce. This individual reflected on a high school assessment experience involving a presentation to a city council to solve a community problem, which proved invaluable when preparing for an engineering position interview. College courses, according to this graduate, did not fully address aspects of the interview process, including content, dispositions, and competencies. This example highlights the effectiveness of the performance assessment system in preparing students not only for specific occupations but also for broader workforce preparation.
What have you learnt during this process?
The process of transforming assessment has revealed the need to rethink its purpose and identify who truly owns it—students. While teachers play a critical role in this process, it is students who take ownership of their learning. Empowering students to demonstrate their learning fosters motivation and a deeper understanding of its larger purpose.
What is the impact you are seeing on students and their work?
The implementation of performance assessments and student ownership of learning is having a significant positive impact on students and their work. Students are more motivated as they recognize the relevance of their learning beyond the classroom. This approach is also fostering necessary dispositions and competencies, aligned to our Graduate Profile, preparing students for future challenges in higher education, the workforce, and beyond. By developing the skills to articulate their knowledge and connect it to meaningful purposes, students are not only achieving academic success but also growing into lifelong learners equipped for a dynamic and evolving world.
What is the impact you are seeing on teachers and their practice?
The gradual shift embedding performance assessments is creating meaningful changes in teachers and their practice. Teachers are rethinking the purpose of assessment on a continuum of traditional, transitional, and transformational methods that emphasize student ownership of learning combining academics and our Graduate Profile competencies. Teachers are becoming facilitators of learning, guiding students to take responsibility for their growth and encouraging reflection and self-assessment. This approach is also enhancing teachers’ instructional practices, as they integrate more student-centered strategies and focus on developing dispositions and competencies alongside content knowledge. The process is reinvigorating teachers’ sense of purpose and enthusiasm for a new school experience.
What is the impact of this work ON YOU as a practitioner?
The impact of this work I have experienced, as a practitioner, is related to understanding a larger purpose for school and its connection to the community and society. School can be viewed as a place to gain knowledge and get a high school diploma and it ends there. However, connecting school and assessment that impacts students in more comprehensive ways is about life preparation. In reality, the school experience, which includes teaching, learning, and assessment, is a reflection of what the greater community (students, parents, community members, industry partners, etc.) values. If communities want graduates to be more prepared and successful in the workforce and as citizens, collaboration that provides opportunities for learning and assessment which connects academics to real world problem solving is a future-focused necessity.
Learn more about the great work being done in Bullitt County in this EdWeek article.
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